Drug Addiction and Alcoholism; A Treatable Illness

Drug addiction and alcohol addiction are comparable to chronic illnesses like diabetes, asthma, and hypertension, and should be treated as such,according to an article published in a year 2000 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

Authors Thomas McLellan, Ph.D., and Herbert D. Kleber, M.D., conducted a
literature review of those illnesses, revealing that there are
underlying similarities between drug addiction, alcohol addiction and chronic diseases. Yet, say
the researchers, drug addiction is typically treated as if it is an acute
condition. Altering perceptions to think of drug addiction as a chronic
illness may change the way it is treated and insured.

The researchers found that drug addiction and alcoholism shares many of the characteristics
of other chronic illnesses. In the area of genetic heritability, for
example, studies of monozygotic and dizygotic twins have found
heritability estimates of .25 to .50 for hypertension; .80 for type 2
and .30 for type 1 diabetes; and .36 to .70 for asthma. Heritability
estimates for the drug addictions are similar, ranging from .34 for heroin
dependence, .55 for alcoholism, .52 for marijuana dependence, and .61
for dependence on cigarettes.

Typically, both medical professionals and the general public view drug abuse as voluntary activities. That people choose to use drugs
seems to set drug addiction and alcohol adidiction apart from other chronic illnesses. Yet, there
are many chronic illnesses in which voluntary choice affects initiation
and maintenance of disease. Salt sensitivity, obesity, stress level, and
physical inactivity, all within voluntary control, are important factors
in the development of hypertension.

Drug addiction and alcoholism also resembles other chronic illnesses in regard to treatment
response. The course that an drug addiction takes if left untreated is an
important issue in this regard. Studies comparing treated and untreated
populations of addicts have typically shown that untreated, addictions
do not remit.

At this time there is no reliable "cure" for drug addiction and alcohol addiction. Typically,
addicts who remain in addiction treatment and who attend follow-up have superior
outcomes compared with those who do not. If you are looking for an effective drug addiction treatment program or alcohol rehab, call the national addiction treatment helpline, 1-800-511-9225 or go to www.lakeviewhealth.com.